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FITNESS : ''' '' THE ENLIGHTENING
RESEARCH TAP '' '''
SIGNS THAT OUR CELLS TURN CHATTY AFTER EXERCISE : ''The process was just remarkable,'' said John J. McCarthy - a professor of physiology at the University of Kentucky, who was an author of the study with his then graduate student Ivan J Vechetti and other colleagues.
We all know that lifting weights can build up your muscles. But by changing the inner working of cells, weight training may also shrink fat, according to an enlightening new study of the molecular underpinnings of resistance exercise.
The study, which involved mice and people, found that after weight training, muscles create and release little bubbles of genetic material that can flow to fat cells, jump-starting processes there related to fat burning.
The results add to the mounting scientific evidence that resistance exercise has unique benefits for fat loss. They also underscore how extensive and interconnected the internal effects of exercise can be.
Many of us pigeonhole resistance training as muscle training as muscle building. Lifting weights - or working against our body weight as we bob through pushups, squats or chair dips - will noticeably boost our muscles' size and strength. But a growing number of studies suggest weight training also reshapes our metabolism and waistlines.
How weight training revamps body fat remains murky. Part of the effect occurs because muscle is metabolically active, so adding muscle mass by lifting should increase energy expenditure.
But that doesn't fully explain the effect, because adding muscle requires time and repetition, while some of the metabolic effects of weight training on fat stores seem to occur immediately after exercise.
Perhaps, then, something happens at a molecular level right after resistance workouts that targets fat cells, a hypothesis that scientists at the University of Kentucky in Lexington, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and other institutions decided to investigate. Maybe, they speculated, muscles and fat chatted together amiably after a workout.
In the past decade, the idea that cells and tissue communicate across the expanse of our bodies has become widely accepted, though the complexity of the interactions remain boggling.
Experiments show that muscles, for instance, release a cascade of hormones and other proteins after exercise that enter the bloodstream, course along to various organs and trigger biochemical reactions, in a process known as cellular crosstalk.
Our tissues may pump out tiny bubbles, known as vesicles, during crosstalk. Once considered microscopic trash bags, stuffed with cellular debris, vesicles now are known to contain active, healthy genetic material and other substances.
Interestingly, some experiments indicate that aerobic exercise prompts muscles to release such vesicles. But few studies had looked into whether resistance exercise might also result in vesicle formation and inter-tissue chatter.
For the new study, which was published in May in The FASEB Journal, from the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, the researchers decided to examine the cells of bodybuilding mice.
They incapacitated several of the leg muscles in healthy adult mice, leaving a single muscle to carry all the demands of movement. The muscles swiftly hypertrophied, or bulked up, providing an accelerated version of resistance training.
Before and after that process, the researchers drew blood, biopsied tissues, centrifuged fluids and microscopically searched for vesicles and other molecular changes in the tissues.
They noted plenty. Before their improvised weight training, the rodent's leg muscles had teemed with a particular snippet of genetic material, known as mR-1, that modulates muscle growth. In normal, untrained muscles, mR-1, one of a group of tiny strands of genetic materials known as microRNA, keeps a brake on muscle building.
After the rodents' resistance exercise, which consisted of walking around, the animals' leg muscles appeared deleted of miR-1. At the same time, the vesicles in their bloodstream now thronged with the stuff, as did nearby fat tissue.
The scientists concluded that the animals' muscle cells somehow packed those bits of microRNA that retard hypertrophy into vesicles and posted them to neighboring fat cells, which then allowed the muscles immediately to grow.
The Honor and Serving of the Latest Global Operational Research on Fitness, Health and Exercise, continues. The World Students Society thanks author Gretchen Reynolds.
With respectful dedication to Mankind, and then Students, Professors and Teachers of the world. See Ya all exercise and prepare to register for Great Global Elections on The World Students Society : wssciw.blogspot.com and Twitter - !E-WOW! - The Ecosystem 2011 :
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