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'' ' VIRUSES -VIRULENT-
VECTORS ' ''
IN A 2017 REPORT IN NATURE - Dr. Darszak, Kevin J Olivial and other colleagues from EcoHealth Alliance reported :
That they had created a database of 754 mammal species and 586 viral species and analyzed which viruses were harbored by which mammals and how they affected their hosts.
They confirmed what scientists had thought : ''Bats are hosts to a significantly higher proportion of zoonoses than all other mammalian orders.''
Zoonoses are diseases that spill over from animals to humans.
IN BATS, the scientists found, evolution has weakened the bats response and immune system, which would normally cause inflammation as it fought the viruses.
Bats have lost some genes involved in that response, which makes sense because the inflammation itself can be very damaging to the body. They have a weakened response but it is still there.
Thus, the researchers write, this weakened response may allow them to maintain a ''balanced state of 'effective response' but not 'over response' against viruses.''
RODENTS - BIRDS - PRIMATES ALSO CARRY DISEASES THAT can jump to people; bats are far from alone in that regard.
But there are reasons they have been implicated in several disease outbreaks and are likely to be implicated in more.
Bats are numerous and widespread, accounting for a quarter of mammalian species.[Rodents account for half.]
Bats live on every continent except, Antarctica, in proximity to humans. The ability to fly make them wide-ranging, which helps in spreading viruses, and their feces can spread disease.
People in many parts of the world eat bats ans sell them in live animal markets, which was the source of SARS, and possibly the latest outbreak that began in Wuhan.
That they had created a database of 754 mammal species and 586 viral species and analyzed which viruses were harbored by which mammals and how they affected their hosts.
They confirmed what scientists had thought : ''Bats are hosts to a significantly higher proportion of zoonoses than all other mammalian orders.''
Zoonoses are diseases that spill over from animals to humans.
IN BATS, the scientists found, evolution has weakened the bats response and immune system, which would normally cause inflammation as it fought the viruses.
Bats have lost some genes involved in that response, which makes sense because the inflammation itself can be very damaging to the body. They have a weakened response but it is still there.
Thus, the researchers write, this weakened response may allow them to maintain a ''balanced state of 'effective response' but not 'over response' against viruses.''
RODENTS - BIRDS - PRIMATES ALSO CARRY DISEASES THAT can jump to people; bats are far from alone in that regard.
But there are reasons they have been implicated in several disease outbreaks and are likely to be implicated in more.
Bats are numerous and widespread, accounting for a quarter of mammalian species.[Rodents account for half.]
Bats live on every continent except, Antarctica, in proximity to humans. The ability to fly make them wide-ranging, which helps in spreading viruses, and their feces can spread disease.
People in many parts of the world eat bats ans sell them in live animal markets, which was the source of SARS, and possibly the latest outbreak that began in Wuhan.
They often live in huge colonies in caves, where crowded conditions are ideal for passing viruses to one another.
How to mange and contain the current outbreak of the virus officially known as nCoV-2019 is, of course, of paramount importance now. But tracing its origin and taking to combat further outbreak may depend partly on knowledge and monitoring of bats.
''The outbreak can be contained and controlled,'' Dr. Daszak said. ''But if we don't know the origin in the long term than this virus can continue to spill over.''
Scientists in China were already studying the bats carefully, well aware that an outbreak like the current one would most likely happen.
Last spring in an article on bat coronaviruses, of CoVs, a group of Japanese researchers wrote that ''it is generally believed that batborne VoVs will reemerge to cause the next disease outbreak..''
They added, ''In this regard, China is a likely hotspot.'' This wasn't clairvoyance, but conventional wisdom.
Dr. Daszak stressed that stopping the sale of wildlife in markets is essential to future outbreaks. But since such outbreaks are inevitable, Dr. Daszak says, monitoring and studying wildlife like bats, is equally important.
He compared the situation to terrorism. Both terrorist attacks and disease outbreaks seem inevitable. To get a jump on them, he said intelligence is vital.
The Honor and Serving of the Latest Global Operational Research on Viruses, State, Risks and Combat, continues.
With respectful dedication to the Scientists, Researchers, Students, Professors and Teachers of the world.
See Ya all prepare and register for Great Global Elections on The World Students Society : wssciw.blogspot.com and Twitter - !E-WOW! - The Ecosystem 2011:
''' Bats & Buds '''
How to mange and contain the current outbreak of the virus officially known as nCoV-2019 is, of course, of paramount importance now. But tracing its origin and taking to combat further outbreak may depend partly on knowledge and monitoring of bats.
''The outbreak can be contained and controlled,'' Dr. Daszak said. ''But if we don't know the origin in the long term than this virus can continue to spill over.''
Scientists in China were already studying the bats carefully, well aware that an outbreak like the current one would most likely happen.
Last spring in an article on bat coronaviruses, of CoVs, a group of Japanese researchers wrote that ''it is generally believed that batborne VoVs will reemerge to cause the next disease outbreak..''
They added, ''In this regard, China is a likely hotspot.'' This wasn't clairvoyance, but conventional wisdom.
Dr. Daszak stressed that stopping the sale of wildlife in markets is essential to future outbreaks. But since such outbreaks are inevitable, Dr. Daszak says, monitoring and studying wildlife like bats, is equally important.
He compared the situation to terrorism. Both terrorist attacks and disease outbreaks seem inevitable. To get a jump on them, he said intelligence is vital.
The Honor and Serving of the Latest Global Operational Research on Viruses, State, Risks and Combat, continues.
With respectful dedication to the Scientists, Researchers, Students, Professors and Teachers of the world.
See Ya all prepare and register for Great Global Elections on The World Students Society : wssciw.blogspot.com and Twitter - !E-WOW! - The Ecosystem 2011:
''' Bats & Buds '''
SAM Daily Times - the Voice of the Voiceless
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