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Three scientists who studied how the immune system kicks into
action share this year's Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine.
One-half of the $1.45 million award is shared by Bruce Beutler of the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California, and Jules Hoffmann of the University of Strasbourg in France, who unraveled crucial details of how the innate immune system—the broad, first-line defense against microbial pathogens—is activated. The other half goes to Ralph Steinman of Rockefeller University in New York City, for his discovery of so-called dendritic cells and the role they play in the activation of T cells.
Rockefeller University has disclosed that Steinman died on 30 September; more on this below. The world, especially all students and scientists shall remember his services.
source : sciencemag.org
One-half of the $1.45 million award is shared by Bruce Beutler of the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California, and Jules Hoffmann of the University of Strasbourg in France, who unraveled crucial details of how the innate immune system—the broad, first-line defense against microbial pathogens—is activated. The other half goes to Ralph Steinman of Rockefeller University in New York City, for his discovery of so-called dendritic cells and the role they play in the activation of T cells.
Rockefeller University has disclosed that Steinman died on 30 September; more on this below. The world, especially all students and scientists shall remember his services.
source : sciencemag.org
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